In one sentence, explain what the "client" is in a client/server configuration.

The client is the portion of the client/server configuration that interfaces with, connects to, and retrieves data from the server.

What is the 80/20 Rule and what individual is credited with "coining" the terminology?

The 80/20 Rule (also known as the Pareto Principle) is the concept that 20% of a company's client base accounts for 80% of its sales. The principle was first articulated by Vilfredo Pareto in 1897. It implies that a business can be more efficient by focusing on profitable segments or products and trimming nonproductive areas.

What is the function of surfactant and where is it found?

Surfactant is secreted by certain epithelial cells in the lung and coats the alveoli, reducing the alveolar surface tension. This makes the lungs easier to inflate during inhalation and also prevents alveolar collapse during exhalation.