Tutor profile: Alexander T.

What is an important quality of velocity in the x-direction when answering a projectile motion problem? What is the velocity in the y-direction when the projectile is at it's highest point?

Velocity in the x-direction stays constant throughout the projectile motion. This is because there is no acceleration acting on the x-direction and is a result of Newton's 1st Law. The velocity in the y-direction is zero at the highest point because the projectile is only traveling in the x-direction at this point. This information can be used to break a projectile motion problem into parts and help solve the missing information.

What is electronegativity, and why is it important to note for covalent bonds?

Electronegativity is the pull that an atom has on the electron cloud between two atoms sharing electrons. A greater difference in electronegativity leads to a more polar bond with a larger dipole moment. It is important to note for covalent bonds because electronegativity will affect the strength of acids/bases. The greater the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms in a molecule, the stronger the acid/base will be.

What is the difference between a Lewis Acid/Base and a Bronsted-Lowry Acid/Base? Can a molecule act as both or only one?

A Lewis Acid accepts an electron pair during a chemical reaction. A Lewis Base donates an electron pair during a chemical reaction. A Bronsted-Lowry acid accepts hydrogen ions. A Bronsted-Lowry Base donates hydrogen ions. A molecule that is involved in a REDOX reaction with the involvement of hydrogen ions can act as both a Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry Acid/Base.