Tutor profile: Maya B.

What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

CBT is a branch of therapy which operates from the assumption that mental cognitions underlie all maladaptive emotions and behaviors. CBT works with all three (feelings, thoughts, and actions) but is especially useful for its contributions in changing cognitions. Many tools and exercises have been developed in CBT practice, which allow clinicians to help clients alleviate symptoms without necessarily working through every piece of client history or underlying trauma. Founded by Aaron Beck.

Who was Carl Rogers?

Carl Rogers was one of the key founders of a branch of clinical psychology called Humanism, or person-centered therapy. He pushed back on many expectations of therapy at the time, like the patient-on-the-couch and the objective-observer dynamic from Freudian analysis. Instead, he found that clients respond well to a warm and empathic relationship. All people, he argued, contain the potential for self-actualization within themselves, so they should be the leaders of their own healing. The therapist is used to help them in their own work, not to dictate their steps to recovery.

What is a typical structure for an effective English essay?

Essays usually start with a hook, then a clear and concise thesis. Sometimes a piece of the thesis is left out until the end (which can feel like an exciting "reveal"). Several main arguments then support the thesis. These include analysis of main themes and symbols in the book. Specific textual evidence is used and each textual reference is supported by a thorough analysis in your own words. Each body paragraph builds on the last. Finally, your conclusion, which summarizes what you have covered/proved and pushes your reader to think more deeply about the issue. This formula holds up for almost all essays, but there are always ways to get creative in your organization, especially for very long essays!