What is the difference between thermodynamics and chemical kinetics?

Thermodynamics tells chemist if a reactions will take place and what is needed to create the reaction. Chemical Kinetics determines the pathways the chemical reaction will take to form the products.

What determines the classification of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes

The bonding between the carbon bonds within the molecule. In alkanes, the are only single bonded carbond. In alkenes, there are double bones between the carbons. The Alkynes have triple bonds inbetween the carbon atoms.

What can be inferred about the relative strengths of the intermolecular forces CCl4 (l) and HCl (l).

The intermolecular forces found in CCl4 (l) are only London Disperson forces, otherwise known as Van Der Waals force. This is because even though the C-Cl bond is polar. The molecule has a molecular geometry of a tetrahedral. This puts the forces in opposite directions so that they cancel out. The net dipole is zero. This leaves only london dispersion force. This is a force all molecules experience, though, only significant in large molecules with a big electron cloud. This force occurs when molecules collide with one another and making an instantaneous dipole attraction because electrons are unevenly distributed in the molecule's electron cloud for that instantaneous moment. The intermolecular forces found in HCl (l) are dipole-dipole and london disperson forces. The main contributing force is the dipole-dipole force because it is stronger than the weaker london disperson force. The dipole-dipole force occurs in molecules with dipole moments. H-Cl bond is a polar covalent bond. This bond is an unequal sharing of the electrons. This causes an uneven density with the molecule's electron cloud causing a partial charges between the the atoms within the bond. These partial charges cause strong attraction between other polar molecules.