Tutor profile: Audrey G.

What are the risk factors for stroke and why?

Diabetes Hypertension Atrial fibrillation High Cholesterol These all relate to clotting. Diabetes is a risk for stroke because the increased glucose in the blood causes venous and arterial vessel damage. The glucose molecule is large and tears the linings in the small vessels--esp those in kidneys (which can cause Hypertension due to a feedback reaction from renal vessel damage). Damaged vessels attract clotting factors. Hypertension is a risk factor for stroke because this added pressure in vessels causes them to become damaged--creating a risk for clot build-up and hemorrhagic stroke due to weakened vessels. Atrial fibrillation is a risk for stroke since the atria are not beating strong enough to expel all the blood building up in the heart, this causes clots to form and then are expelled through the aorta and lodged in the brain's vessels (stroke). High cholesterol causes a build-up in various places throughout the vessels. This build-up causes clots to form and then ultimately dislodge and cause a stroke. It's important to educate patients about the signs and symptoms of stroke if they have any of these comorbidities.

What is the charge of protons, electrons and neutrons?

Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged and neutrons have no charge. Protons and Electrons have equally strong charges, (+1 and -1 respectively)

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

The main difference is that DNA is storing data like a blueprint, RNA carries messages contained within DNA to build proteins. DNA is double-stranded, RNA is a single strand